Psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that impacts millions of people worldwide. It’s characterized by signs of arthritis (like joint pain, stiffness, and inflammation) as well as psoriasis (a skin condition leading to scales and plaques). While there’s no cure for psoriatic arthritis, it can be managed with healthy nutrition. Certain foods can worsen the symptoms, while others may soothe them. Here’s a closer look at psoriatic arthritis and the foods to eat and avoid.

What is psoriatic arthritis?
People with a chronic skin disease called psoriasis have red patches, especially on the elbows, knees, and scalp, with layers of silvery scales on top. These patches are often itchy and painful. In many cases, psoriasis leads to the development of a severe condition called arthritis, which primarily affects one’s joints. Psoriatic arthritis can cause symptoms like swollen toes and fingers, lower back pain, nail pits, and eye inflammation. It can be mild or severe, with flare-ups and remission phases.

Foods to eat with psoriatic arthritis
The following foods may help improve the symptoms of this condition:

Fatty fish
Fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, sardines, and trout are rich in omega-3 fatty acids. The acids have anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce joint pain and inflammation.

Avocado and flaxseed oil
Both avocados and flax seeds are super-rich sources of omega-3 fatty acids. As mentioned, these are known to reduce the levels of inflammatory proteins in one’s body.

Turmeric
Turmeric, a popular Asian spice, contains an active compound called curcumin. Curcumin has potent anti-inflammatory properties that may relieve the condition’s flare-ups.

Ginger
Ginger is another versatile spice known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties. It can be added to soups, teas, meals, or plain boiling water.

Kale
Besides abundant fiber and vitamins A, C, and K, kale has diverse flavonoids. Each flavonoid has distinct antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can help manage the symptoms of psoriatic arthritis.

Apples
This nutritional powerhouse is rich in soluble fiber and flavonoids. Apples can reduce inflammation and be a filling and healthy snack to reduce sweet cravings.

Whole grains
Whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, and oats are high in fiber. They can maintain one’s blood cholesterol levels and reduce inflammation, making them highly suitable for psoriatic arthritis patients.

Berries
Berries possess potent antioxidants and are rich in vitamin C, which helps reduce blood pressure and cholesterol levels.

Olives and olive oil
Extra virgin olive oil is a healthy fat with oleocanthal, an anti-inflammatory compound. One can use it for cooking and as a salad dressing.

Green tea
Green tea is rich in antioxidants, which have anti-inflammatory effects and can boost one’s immune system. It can be a refreshing and healthy beverage choice. One can also opt for black tea, which provides similar health benefits.

Low-fat dairy or dairy alternatives
If tolerated well, low-fat dairy or dairy alternatives (like almond milk) can provide essential nutrients without exacerbating psoriatic arthritis inflammation.

Foods to avoid with psoriatic arthritis
In one of its studies, the Psoriasis Foundation found that people who ate healthier meals experienced milder symptoms of psoriatic arthritis and were better able to manage the condition. Here are some foods one should avoid to lessen the triggers:

Nightshade vegetables
Some individuals with psoriatic arthritis report increased joint pain and inflammation after eating nightshade vegetables. This category of vegetables includes options like tomatoes and eggplants. While more research is needed to establish a clear link between nightshades and psoriatic arthritis symptoms, it may be worth monitoring one’s response to these foods and adjusting intake accordingly.

Dairy products
Dairy products can be problematic for some people with psoriatic arthritis. They may contain proteins that trigger an inflammatory response in the body. If dairy worsens a person’s symptoms, they should consider switching to lactose-free or plant-based alternatives like almond, soy, or coconut milk. These can provide the nutrients found in dairy without the inflammatory proteins.

Fatty and processed meats
Processed meats like ham, sausages, bacon, hot dogs, and deli meats are high in unhealthy fats and can trigger inflammation. Individuals with psoriatic arthritis must steer clear of these and opt for healthier foods.

Red meat
Red meat like beef, lamb, and pork are high in saturated fat and can cause body inflammation. So, individuals must limit their consumption and consider other protein-rich alternatives like fish, tofu, legumes, or cottage cheese.

Processed breads and cereals
Processed breads and cereals often contain refined grains that can cause inflammation. These products are typically stripped of their natural nutrients and fiber, which can worsen the symptoms in people with psoriatic arthritis.

Packaged snacks
Packaged snacks are usually laden with unhealthy fats, additives, and preservatives. These ingredients can trigger inflammation and should be avoided by those with psoriatic arthritis. To satisfy hunger, one can reach for whole, unprocessed snacks like nuts, seeds, or fresh fruits and vegetables.

Patients must consult a healthcare professional before including or removing foods from the meal plan. The expert will consider one’s age, allergies, and current health condition to develop a personalized strategy for managing the problem. Besides eating healthy foods, individuals must stay well-hydrated. Water can maintain the proper functioning of cells, regulate blood pressure, reduce inflammation, and help with joint health.

Who is at risk of psoriatic arthritis?
Those with psoriasis are at the highest risk of developing this advanced condition. Alternatively, individuals with a family history of psoriatic arthritis can be vulnerable to the condition. People between 30 and 55 should also be careful and get any symptoms checked by an expert.